Emergence of a degenerate distribution of assets, or our falling on the lower side of the required margin range shall be treated as…
…Failure
The outlined Failure Modes are forms of hidden employment. While occasionally a maintainer may conduct wage work involving contributions to FOSS projects, including trivial Nix(pkgs) codebase contributions, the real Nixpkgs maintenance duties all have to do with decision-making and independent calls of judgement, incompatible with employment and carried out outside “work” obligations. When there’s a conflict between the Employer’s and Nixpkgs’ interests, the maintainer must contradict the Employer or recuse themselves from steering the Project.
As Nixpkgs is beginning its collision with the Big Finance, we must build circuit-breakers into any commercial collaboration. Failure shall be dealt with decisively.
In the specific case of Nixpkgs CUDA, Failure must result in abolition of the Nixpkgs CUDA Team, eradication of all CUDA-related functionality from the codebase, immediate simplification of the stdenv and python3XPackages, establishment of a temporary ban on CUDA contributions, and re-evaluation of all further collaborations. The "Machine-Learning" ecosystem in Nixpkgs must be reduced to the minimum necessary to accommodate projects like Blender, common physical simulation or statistics software. "Accelerated Computing" must from then on focus on Vulkan, ROCm, or experimental platforms such as TensTorrent. This reduction in complexity is mandatory, because the bulk of the cost of Nixpkgs CUDA's existence falls not unto the CUDA Team, but onto every other subsystem in Nixpkgs. Pivoting to the alternative stacks will be expensive: while ROCm enjoys stable userspace-kernel interfaces and does not suffer from the libcuda.so problem, the overall quality and usability of the software stack is miserable[142], despite the massive investments into the hardware by HPC clusters throughout the globe.[143][145][146] It is very much preferable for the Commons that Nixpkgs CUDA succeeds, than that it fails. It is preferable that we can collaborate with the industry. The pivot would even harm my own work, and my own research. The pivot is not, however, impossible.
As the purpose of the project is to reduce all parties’ reliance on the Nixpkgs CUDA Team, the work must be carried out in such an order that the incentive for funding is not diminished prematurely, i.e. before we’ve secured our (financial) ability to to carry on with the next project autonomously.
Nixpkgs and CUDA
Nixpkgs doesn’t need CUDA. Nixpkgs suffers from CUDA. Nixpkgs CUDA imposes a heavy maintenance toll on maintainers of stdenv, bootstrap, toolchains, setup-hooks, python3XPackages, licenses, and on the general reviewer. Some maintainers would see CUDA removed. Some would rather we steer away from “mainstream” and stay small. A few hope we may use CUDA to attract finance and not end up abused.
As of $(date), Nixpkgs CUDA has yet to benefit the researcher, the hacker, or the end-user. Nixpkgs CUDA has yet to benefit the “Community”. Nixpkgs and Nixpkgs CUDA have, incidentally, increased profits for a number of multi-billion companies.
Nixpkgs CUDA
“Packaging” CUDA means:
- Paying the price of late and lossy dynamic linking[114][115][116] and working with prebuilt binaries[117], in particular by
- Interferring with the
cc-wrapper[123][124] andstdenv(GCC, LLVM). - Interferring with the
check-meta[125]. - Interferring with
cmake. - Interferring with setup hooks.
- Interferring with the cross-compiling efforts.
- Interferring with the staging and release cycles.
- Keeping around GCC releases abandoned upstream years prior[126][127].
- Regularly breaking eval and Nixpkgs’ CI.[72][109][110][111][112][113].
- Managing liability for massive technical debt and dealing with the constant fallout.[85][128][129][130][112][120].
- Operating under uncertainty with respect to legal ramifications of any one decision[131][133][62].
- Making
python3XPackagesmaintainers miserable1. - …
TODO: This is just the quicker way to say it. Do dig up references (e.g. Hexa’s posts on #cuda:nixos.org matrix) and elaborate.
Note how, so far, much of the relevant work happens outside pkgs/development/cuda-modules/. There are CUDA-specific challenges too:
- Constraint Solving in Nixlang, aggravated by upstream not publishing the constraints (not knowing the constraints) in the first place. In other words, packaging CUDA means testing and manually maintaining one’s own compatibility tables.
- Exploding fatbin sizes.
- In continuation of the
dlopen()[121] line, making a tool likensight-systemsfunction correctly requires a careful separation of NVIDIA’s real artifacts from vendored dependencies, working around dependencies marked insecure or (and) deprecated, and patching out intricately embedded FHS assumptions. - Common approaches to cross-compilation consider build-host-target triples, but not the co-processor devices.
- …
There are four principal sources of these issues:
- Nixpkgs dismissing CUDA: e.g. lack of pre-release testing for CUDA, historical refusal to accept added complexity required to accommodate what is seen as a primarily Enterprise-oriented technology.[123][124][126][127][128][131] The main impact of the CUDA Team since its foundation in 2022 has been to largely change this attitude - for now - through advocacy and active participation.
- Upstream projects dismissing Nix: there are changes that can be made in projects ranging from glibc and GCC to Pytorch that preempt some of the debugging and patching otherwise required on the Nixpkgs side. This source reveals e.g. in FHS assumptions, lack of Dependency Injection support, lack of support for up-to-date toolchains (GCC, CMake), lack of Nix-specific testing, &c.
- Upstream projects dismissing NVIDIA: there are changes that can be made in upstream projects (CUDA’s dependencies) to accommodate NVIDIA use-cases, that would also reduce the need for debugging and patching on Nixpkgs side. Such changes meet opposition if they’re seen as NVIDIA offloading work onto the FOSS ecosystem not ensuring broader compatibility with e.g. glibc and GCC, and by not participating in the common communication channels.
- Enterprise dismissing Nix & FOSS: e.g. lack of communication from NVIDIA, lack of Nix-specific pre-release testing at NVIDIA or Amazon[132], lack of holistic understanding of the relation between the Nix model and the image-based approaches, &c. A good example is NVIDIA’s licensing issue.[62][133]
As The Reader is aware, there’s been progress happening with each of these four items. A qualitative change is also possible, but requires motivated and consistent advocacy over the course of an extended period of time, the order of five years. A qualitative change means fulfullment of the Purpose of Nixpkgs CUDA, which is and always has been to eliminate the Nixpkgs CUDA Team.
@samuela on 2022-04-20 [85]
…recently, the latest staging, staging-next, and python-updates branches were merged into master resulting in thousands of new commits breaking about half of all packages that I require in my day-to-day job…
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- 32
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- 33
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- 44
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- 49
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- 68
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- 70
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- 71
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- 72
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- 73
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- 74
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- 75
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- 87
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- 89
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- 90
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- 91
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- 92
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- 93
- NixOS-CUDA Hydra: Builds,https://hydra.nixos-cuda.org/jobset/nixos-cuda/cuda-packages-unstable
- 94
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- 95
- GPU access in the sandbox (#256230),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/256230
- 96
- GPU-enabled tests (#225912),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/225912
- 97
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- 98
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- 99
- apptainer `--nv` (#280076),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/280076
- 100
- Tracking: singularityTools (#177908),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/177908
- 101
- `@ereslibre`: Support (NVIDIA) CDI (#284507),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/284507
- 102
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- 103
- k3s: GPU Passthrough (#288037),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/288037
- 104
- `requiredPythonModules` ← `propagatedBuildInputs` by `@Fridh` (#102613),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/102613
- 105
- `pyproject.nix` by `@adisbladis`: Problems with Nixpkgs,https://pyproject-nix.github.io/pyproject.nix/build.html
- 106
- opencv4: expose `cxxdev`,https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/271078/changes/ada3991349beb5880e3994f25c65a0cf68941b83
- 107
- Guix HPC: What's in a Package,https://hpc.guix.info/blog/2021/09/whats-in-a-package
- 108
- torch1→2 (#222273),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/222273
- 109
- noexcept (#276800)),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/276800
- 110
- noexcept (#275939),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/275939
- 111
- noexcept (#273794),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/273794
- 112
- version solving regression (#282185),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/282185
- 113
- noexcept (#276800),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/276800
- 114
- `nixos-rebuild` driver mismatch (#255070),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/255070
- 115
- `cuda_compat` and `libnvrm` (#273389),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/273389
- 116
- `cuda_compat` and `libnvrm` (numtide/nix-gl-host#10),https://github.com/numtide/nix-gl-host/pull/10
- 117
- `autoPatchelf` (#178440),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/178440
- 118
- libstdc++ mismatch (#218265),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/218265
- 119
- libstdc++ mismatch (#223664),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/223664
- 120
- `cuda_compat` eval errors (#406668),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/406668
- 121
- explicit dynamic dependencies (NVIDIA/build-system-archive-import-examples/issues/5),https://github.com/NVIDIA/build-system-archive-import-examples/issues/5
- 122
- `$ORIGIN` (#225240),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/225240#issuecomment-1539159050
- 123
- `cc-wrapper` friction (#282220),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/282220
- 124
- `cc-wrapper` friction (`review-of-333575/50496/6`),https://discourse.nixos.org/t/review-of-333575/50496/6
- 125
- remediation messages (#456908),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/456908
- 126
- `@emilazy`: `9<=gcc<12` removal warning for CUDA users (#342112),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/342112
- 127
- `@emilazy`: drop `cuda<=12.5`, a year later (#434827),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/434827
- 128
- release friction (#437723#issuecomment-3474672706),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/437723#issuecomment-3474672706
- 129
- release friction (#437723#issuecomment-3471044964),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/437723#issuecomment-3471044964
- 130
- \verb|getOutput| regression (#323056),https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/323056
- 131
- petition-to-build-and-cache-unfree-packages-on-cache-nixos-org/17440/53 (relitigation),https://discourse.nixos.org/t/petition-to-build-and-cache-unfree-packages-on-cache-nixos-org/17440/53
- 132
- containerd: nixos tests ignored and removed,https://github.com/containerd/containerd/issues/12683
- 133
- patchelf exception (NVIDIA/build-system-archive-import-examples/issues/10),https://github.com/NVIDIA/build-system-archive-import-examples/issues/10
- 134
- Most NixOS' Outreachy 2025 candidates rejected: "embarrassing" due to the fact that the sum that had to be secured was USD `20 000` per participant,
- 135
- NixOS/nix-security-tracker,https://github.com/NixOS/nix-security-tracker
- 136
- KerruKinutum Oy,2025,https://kerrukinutum.com
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